SAP unit 3

  

SYSTEM-WIDE CONCEPTS

UNIT 3

System-Wide Concept

Lesson overview

     This lesson focuses on the system-wide concept that underlie the SAP system. These concept, organizational elements, master data, and transactions, are the basic elements designed and utilized to represent a company’s enterprise structure and business processes within the SAP system.

Organizational elements

     A company’s enterprise structure is mapped to SAP applications using organizational elements.

Master data

     Created centrally  and available to all applications and all authorized users, master data also has an organizational aspect because its information is organized into views that are assigned to organizational elements.

Transactions

     Transactions are application programs that execute business processes in the SAP system.

Lesson objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

1)      State the purpose of an organizational element in the SAP system.

2)      Explain the purpose of master data in the SAP system

3)      Explain the purpose of transactions in SAP training.

4)      Explain the use of IDES

Business example

     Processes within a company generally take place across depatemental boundaries. The long term success of IDES AG, is dependent on collaboration with business partners and a global outlook. IDES wants new orders from customers entered into the SAP system with minimal data entry and maximum data accurancy.

Organizational Element

Client

     The client is the highest-level element of all organizational elements.

Company code

     The company code is a legal independent accounting unit representing the central organizational element of financial accounting.

Plant

     A plant can manufacture product, distribute product, or provide a service.

Strorage location

     Material stocks in Inventory Management can be differentiated within one plant according to storage location.

Sales organization

     The sales organization is the central organizational element in sales order management that controls the terms of sale to the customer.

Distribution channel

     Distribution channel can be used to define how different products reach consumers. For example wholesale.

Organizational unit

     Organizational units describe the various business units that exist I an enterprise.

Position

     Positions are the individual employee assignments in the enterprise.

IDES

     IDES(International Demonstration and Educational System) is an international campany dependent upon collaborations with external business partners and a global outlook. IDES AG is a manufacturing company. It operates worldwide and has a number of subsidiaries. As a model company, IDES has a large number of business branches and branch specific subsidiaries.

     The scenario for the IDES is describe in detail below. As an international company, IDES has several holdings and requires the ability to report to shareholders on an international bases. Management goal over the next year in to increase profits. IDES AG produces many product. Product are manufactured at a number of production location worldwide. IDES employess can access personnel records from an internet portal and make changes to their benefits, as well as buy office supplies and assets billable to their cost centers.

System-Wide Master Data Concepts

     In SAP, master data is created centrally and available to all applications and all authorized users. Master data also has an organizational aspect because its information Is organized into views that are assigned to aoganizational elements. All areas can use the stored data, including sales, purchasing, inventory management, materials planning, invoice verification, finance, and human resources.

Customer Master

      A customer master contains key information that defines the business relationship between a company and its customer. The customer master’s “three-part structure” is presented by:

1)      General data: This data equally relevant to every company code and every

                sales organization within a company.

2)     Data for company codes: This data reflect company-specific agreements with

                         the customer.

3)      Data for sales: This data has different characteristhics for a company

                  sales organizations and channels.

Material Master

       

     The material master contains all of the key information a company needs to manage a material within its organization. The material master defines, among other things, how a product is sold, manufactured, purchased, inventoried, accounted, and costed.

Personnel File

     Personnel file are master data records used primarily mySAP ERP Human Capital Management. The organizational elements used by mySAP HCM are unique and, as a group, they are reffered to as Organizational management.

Organizational Units

     Describe the various business units that exist in your enterprise. Organizational unit can be loosely defined as functional or regional departments, or as project groups, depending on the type of organization.

Jobs

     Jobs serve as descriptions, or templates, that apply to several positions with similar requirements, tasks, or other characteristhics.

Positions

     Positions are the individual employee assignments in the enterprise. Persons occupy positions

Persons

     Persons hold positions within the organizational structure. Person represent employees in your company.

Transaction

     Transaction are application programs that execute business processes in the SAP system. Whenever possible, master data is copied during transaction processing, thus avoiding re-entry of data. Whenever transaction is execute in the system, a document is created. That document, a data record of the transaction, contains all of the relevant predefined information from the master dataand organizational elements.